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UAV-CO2/GASFLUX_CONFIG_DOCUMENTATION.md

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# GasFlux 配置清单完整说明文档
## 概述
GasFlux 是一个用于处理无人机气体通量数据的完整管道系统。本文档详细说明了所有配置文件参数及其使用方法。
## 配置文件结构
GasFlux 使用 YAML 格式的配置文件,主要包含以下几个部分:
1. **输出设置** (`output_dir`)
2. **必需列定义** (`required_cols`)
3. **气体配置** (`gases`)
4. **处理策略** (`strategies`)
5. **背景校正设置** (`algorithmic_baseline_settings`)
6. **半变异函数设置** (`semivariogram_settings`)
7. **普通克里金设置** (`ordinary_kriging_settings`)
8. **可选过滤器** (`filters`) - 高级配置
## 详细参数说明
### 1. 输出设置
```yaml
output_dir: ./output # 输出目录路径
```
- **类型**: 字符串
- **描述**: 指定处理结果的输出目录
- **默认值**: `./output`
- **注意**: 可以使用相对路径或绝对路径
### 2. 必需列定义
```yaml
required_cols:
latitude: [-90, 90] # 纬度范围
longitude: [-180, 180] # 经度范围
height_ato: [0, 200] # 相对起飞高度(米)
windspeed: [0, 20] # 风速m/s
winddir: [0, 360] # 风向(度)
temperature: [-50, 60] # 温度°C
pressure: [900, 1100] # 气压hPa
```
- **格式**: 字典,键为列名,值为 `[最小值, 最大值]` 数组
- **作用**: 数据验证和范围检查
- **注意**:
- 所有值必须是 float64 类型
- 不允许 NaN 值
- 超出范围的值会报错
### 3. 气体配置
```yaml
gases:
co2: [300, 500] # 二氧化碳浓度范围ppm
ch4: [1.5, 10.0] # 甲烷浓度范围ppm
```
- **格式**: 字典,键为气体名称,值为 `[最小值, 最大值]` 数组
- **作用**: 指定要处理的 gases 及其合理浓度范围
- **注意**:
- 气体名称必须与数据中的列名完全匹配
- 范围用于数据验证
### 4. 处理策略
```yaml
strategies:
background: "algorithm" # 背景校正方法
sensor: "insitu" # 传感器类型
spatial: "curtain" # 空间处理模式: "curtain" 或 "spiral"
interpolation: "kriging" # 插值方法
```
- **background**: 目前只支持 `"algorithm"`
- **sensor**: 目前只支持 `"insitu"`
- **spatial**: `"curtain"` (平面模式) 或 `"spiral"` (螺旋模式)
- **interpolation**: 目前只支持 `"kriging"`
## 背景校正算法设置
### 算法总览
```yaml
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: fastchrom # 选择使用的算法
# 以下是各算法的具体参数
```
### 支持的算法
#### 1. FastChrom 算法 (推荐用于大多数情况)
```yaml
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: fastchrom
fastchrom:
half_window: 6 # 半窗口大小,用于基线拟合
threshold: "custom" # 阈值方法,推荐使用 "custom"
min_fwhm: ~ # 最小峰宽,~ 表示 null
interp_half_window: 3 # 插值半窗口
smooth_half_window: 3 # 平滑半窗口
weights: ~ # 权重,~ 表示 null
max_iter: 100 # 最大迭代次数
min_length: 2 # 最小段长度
```
#### 2. Dietrich 算法
```yaml
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: dietrich
dietrich:
poly_order: 5 # 多项式阶数
smooth_half_window: 5 # 平滑半窗口
```
#### 3. FABC (Fully Automatic Baseline Correction) 算法
```yaml
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: fabc
fabc:
lam: 10000 # 平滑参数,值越大基线越平滑
scale: 10 # 小波变换尺度
diff_order: 2 # 微分矩阵阶数
```
#### 4. Golotvin 算法
```yaml
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: golotvin
golotvin:
half_window: 2 # 半窗口大小
sections: 10 # 分段数量
```
## 克里金插值设置
### 半变异函数设置
```yaml
semivariogram_settings:
model: spherical # 变异函数模型: spherical, gaussian, exponential
estimator: cressie # 估计器: cressie, matheron, dowd
n_lags: 20 # 滞后期数
bin_func: even # 分箱函数: even, uniform
fit_method: lm # 拟合方法: lm, manual
maxlag: 100 # 最大滞后距离(米)
tolerance: 10 # 方向容差(度)
azimuth: 0 # 方位角0为水平向右
bandwidth: 20 # 带宽(米)
```
### 普通克里金设置
```yaml
ordinary_kriging_settings:
min_points: 3 # 最小邻点数
max_points: 100 # 最大邻点数
grid_resolution: 500 # 网格分辨率
min_nodes: 10 # 最小网格节点数
y_min: ~ # 最小y值覆盖手动覆盖~表示使用默认
cut_ground: True # 是否切割地面以下的值
```
## 空间处理模式详解
### 平面模式 (Curtain Mode)
**适用场景**: 直线飞行路径,沿着固定方向的多个平行航线
```yaml
strategies:
spatial: "curtain"
# 推荐的半变异函数设置(平面模式)
semivariogram_settings:
model: spherical
estimator: cressie
n_lags: 15
bin_func: even
fit_method: lm
maxlag: 80 # 根据飞行距离调整
tolerance: 15 # 较大的容差适应直线路径
azimuth: 0 # 沿着飞行方向
bandwidth: 25 # 较大的带宽适应航线间距
ordinary_kriging_settings:
min_points: 5
max_points: 80
grid_resolution: 200 # 较高的分辨率
min_nodes: 10
y_min: 20 # 设置最小高度
cut_ground: True
```
**特点**:
- 应用风偏移校正
- 沿着最大单调序列提取航线
- 适合规则的栅格飞行模式
### 螺旋模式 (Spiral Mode)
**适用场景**: 螺旋或圆形飞行路径
```yaml
strategies:
spatial: "spiral"
# 推荐的半变异函数设置(螺旋模式)
semivariogram_settings:
model: spherical
estimator: cressie
n_lags: 20
bin_func: even
fit_method: lm
maxlag: 100 # 较大的最大距离适应螺旋半径
tolerance: 30 # 更大的容差适应圆形路径
azimuth: 0 # 径向方向
bandwidth: 20 # 适应螺旋间距
ordinary_kriging_settings:
min_points: 3
max_points: 100
grid_resolution: 500 # 较低的分辨率适应圆形区域
min_nodes: 10
y_min: ~ # 自动确定最小高度
cut_ground: True
```
**特点**:
- 不应用风偏移校正(假设风垂直于螺旋)
- 计算圆偏差和中心
- 重新居中方位角
- 使用周长距离作为x坐标
## 可选过滤器(高级配置)
```yaml
filters:
course_filter:
azimuth_filter: 15 # 方位角过滤容差(度)
azimuth_window: 8 # 滚动中位数窗口大小
elevation_filter: 8 # 海拔过滤容差(度)
```
## 完整配置示例
### 平面模式完整配置
```yaml
output_dir: ./curtain_output
required_cols:
latitude: [-90, 90]
longitude: [-180, 180]
height_ato: [0, 200]
windspeed: [0, 20]
winddir: [0, 360]
temperature: [-50, 60]
pressure: [900, 1100]
gases:
co2: [300, 500]
ch4: [1.5, 10.0]
strategies:
background: "algorithm"
sensor: "insitu"
spatial: "curtain"
interpolation: "kriging"
algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: fastchrom
fastchrom:
half_window: 6
threshold: "custom"
min_fwhm: ~
interp_half_window: 3
smooth_half_window: 3
weights: ~
max_iter: 100
min_length: 2
semivariogram_settings:
model: spherical
estimator: cressie
n_lags: 15
bin_func: even
fit_method: lm
maxlag: 80
tolerance: 15
azimuth: 0
bandwidth: 25
ordinary_kriging_settings:
min_points: 5
max_points: 80
grid_resolution: 200
min_nodes: 10
y_min: 20
cut_ground: True
```
### 螺旋模式完整配置
```yaml
# GasFlux configuration file for basic usage example
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output_dir: ./10m
# Required columns and their maximum valid ranges
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required_cols:
latitude: [-90, 90]
longitude: [-180, 180]
height_ato: [0, 50] # meters above takeoff
windspeed: [0, 50] # m/s
winddir: [0, 360] # degrees
temperature: [-50, 60] # degrees Celsius
pressure: [900, 1100] # hPa/mb
# Optional gas columns and their maximum ppm concentration ranges.
# Relative concentrations are used, so absolute offset can be incorrect as long as gain and linearity are correct.
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gases:
ch4: [2, 2.5]
co2: [2, 2.5]
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strategies:
background: "algorithm" # Currently only algorithmic baseline correction (via pybaselines) is supported
sensor: "insitu" # Currently only in-situ sensor data is supported
spatial: "spiral" # Spatial processing mode: "curtain" and "spiral" are supported
interpolation: "kriging" # Currently only kriging interpolation is supported
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# Baseline correction algorithm settings
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algorithmic_baseline_settings:
algorithm: fastchrom
fastchrom: {
"half_window": 6,
"threshold": "custom", #
"min_fwhm": ~,
"interp_half_window": 3,
"smooth_half_window": 3,
"weights": ~,
"max_iter": 100,
"min_length": 2}
fabc : {
"lam": 10000, # The smoothing parameter. Larger values will create smoother baselines. Default is 1e6.
"scale": 10, # The scale at which to calculate the continuous wavelet transform. Should be approximately equal to the index-based full-width-at-half-maximum of the peaks or features in the data. Default is None, which will use half of the value from optimize_window(), which is not always a good value, but at least scales with the number of data points and gives a starting point for tuning the parameter.
"diff_order": 2} # The order of the differential matrix. Must be greater than 0. Default is 2 (second order differential matrix). Typical values are 2 or 1.
dietrich : {
"poly_order": 5,
"smooth_half_window": 5,}
golotvin : {
"half_window": 2,
"sections": 10}
# Kriging settings - aggressively optimized for Spiral mode
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semivariogram_settings:
model: exponential # Changed to exponential model for better circular data fitting
estimator: cressie # Robust estimator for variogram calculation
n_lags: 50 # Further increased to 50 for better variogram resolution
bin_func: even # Even binning function
fit_method: lm # Least squares fitting method
### Aggressively increased search ranges for circular/spiral data distribution
maxlag: 5000 # Dramatically increased to 5000m for comprehensive coverage
tolerance: 180 # Increased to 180° to allow full circular search
azimuth: 0 # Horizontal direction maintained
bandwidth: 300 # Further increased to 300m for maximum search bandwidth
# fit_sigma: linear # this should allow for a spatial uncertainty but currently producing bugs
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ordinary_kriging_settings:
min_points: 1 # Reduced to 1 to allow interpolation even with sparse data
max_points: 20 # Further reduced to 20 to minimize computational load
grid_resolution: 100 # Increased density to 100 for finer interpolation grid
min_nodes: 20 # Increased to 20 to ensure sufficient grid nodes
y_min: ~ # Automatically determine minimum y value
cut_ground: False
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```
## 参数调优指南
### 空间模式选择
1. **平面模式 (curtain)**:
- 飞行路径呈直线或平行航线
- 数据点分布在规则的栅格中
- 适合大型区域的系统采样
2. **螺旋模式 (spiral)**:
- 飞行路径呈螺旋或圆形
- 数据点围绕中心点分布
- 适合点源排放的详细采样
### 半变异函数调优
1. **maxlag**: 设置为数据空间范围的 80-100%
2. **tolerance**: 平面模式 10-20°螺旋模式 20-40°
3. **bandwidth**: 根据飞行间距调整,过大会影响精度
4. **n_lags**: 通常 10-25根据数据量调整
### 克里金插值调优
1. **grid_resolution**: 影响输出网格密度
2. **min_points/max_points**: 平衡计算速度和精度
3. **cut_ground**: 根据是否有地面高程数据决定
## 故障排除
### 常见错误
1. **"autodetected range of [nan, nan] is not finite"**
- 检查气体列是否有NaN值
- 确认气体名称与数据列名匹配
2. **"`ydata` must not be empty!"**
- 检查半变异函数参数是否过于严格
- 减少 maxlag 或增加 tolerance
3. **Missing columns**
- 确认数据列名与配置中的 gases 键匹配
- 检查必需列是否存在
### 性能优化
1. **减少计算时间**: 降低 grid_resolution减少 max_points
2. **提高精度**: 增加 n_lags调整半变异函数参数
3. **内存优化**: 适当减少 max_points 和 grid_resolution
## 版本信息
- **GasFlux 版本**: 开发版
- **最后更新**: 2025年2月
- **文档版本**: 1.0
---
*本配置文档基于 GasFlux 系统的实际代码实现编写。如有疑问,请参考源码注释或提交 Issue。*